History of Vilafamés

When we talk about Vilafamés, we’re talking about a place rich in history. Let’s take a journey through the ancient and medieval roots of this beautiful town in Castellón.

The history of Vilafamés dates back to the earliest settlements in the region and carries influences from Iberian, Roman, Muslim, and Christian cultures.

Prehistoric Origins: Early Human Settlements

The history of Vilafamés begins thousands of years ago. The oldest anthropological remains in the area were discovered in the Cova de Dalt del Tossal de la Font, dating back approximately 80,000 years. These findings indicate human presence in the region since the Middle Paleolithic.

Another site, the Cova de Matutano, from the Upper Paleolithic period, contains relics dating between 14,000 and 11,000 years ago.

Additionally, other settlements, such as the Estrets-El Racó de Rata site from the Upper Paleolithic, reveal connections to the Iberian period. These discoveries highlight Vilafamés as an ideal location for human habitation due to its strategic position and abundant natural resources.

Rock Paintings and the Abric del Castell

Another significant testament to the history of Vilafamés is the collection of rock paintings found in the Abric del Castell.

Dating back to the Eneolithic period, these paintings are a remarkable example of prehistoric art in the Valencian Community and a must-see for history and archaeology enthusiasts.

Iberian and Roman Periods: Expanding Settlements

During Roman times, Vilafamés flourished significantly. Evidence of Roman settlements shows that this area was consistently inhabited. Its terrain, ideal for agriculture and proximity to Castellón, made it a strategic location.

While few remains from this period survive, they provide insight into the importance of Vilafamés as a transit point and strategic enclave during Roman rule.

Muslim Influence: The Founding of Vilafamés

The urban core of Vilafamés was notably developed during the Muslim period, when it was known as Vilahameç or Beniffamez.

From this era, we still find significant remnants that shed light on Vilafamés’ past. The foundation of the castle and the design of the oldest streets, with their winding layouts, date back to this period.

These narrow, winding streets, coupled with the whitewashed houses adorned with vegetation, offer a faithful depiction of the town during its Muslim era.

In addition to the castle, other remains include segments of walls and towers that were part of the old fortifications.

The Christian Conquest and the Influence of the Order of Montesa

In the 13th century, the troops of James I of Aragon conquered Vilafamés as part of the Christian expansion.

After the fall of Burriana in 1233, Vilafamés was captured. In 1241, James I granted the area to settlers under a charter of population based on the Fuero of Zaragoza.

Later, the castle and the town passed to the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, and in 1317, they came under the control of the Order of Montesa.

This military order played a crucial role in establishing Vilafamés as a regional center for control and surveillance.

The castle, declared a Site of Cultural Interest, and the Church of the Blood from the 14th century, are examples of Vilafamés’ significance during this time.

Under the Order of Montesa, Vilafamés developed a solid social and political structure, becoming a secure and reliable bastion for the Kingdom of Valencia.

The Town’s Development in Later Centuries

In 1343, King Peter IV granted the Order of Montesa complete jurisdiction over Vilafamés.

This privilege led to disputes between the Vilafamés Council and the Order, which continued until the 15th century. It was during this period that the residents’ rights to participate in local governance were regulated.

By the 16th century, Vilafamés had consolidated its status as an independent town. In 1635, conflicts between local authorities and the Order of Montesa led to the Council purchasing its jurisdiction, transferring governance to the Crown.

The Carlist Wars of the 19th Century: Vilafamés as a Stronghold

Vilafamés played a significant role during the Carlist Wars in the 19th century.

The town became a key stronghold and witnessed numerous sieges and battles.

In 1837, Vilafamés endured its first assault by Carlist forces under the command of El Serrador. Although government troops managed to repel the attack, the sieges continued in subsequent years.

In 1839, Carlist General Cabrera attempted to capture the town, establishing a camp outside the city and attacking the fortifications. However, local resistance and reinforcements from Castellón successfully defended against the siege.

From that point on, Vilafamés gained recognition as an impregnable fortress during the Carlist conflict.

Heritage and Historical Legacy of Vilafamés

Today, Vilafamés preserves numerous elements of its rich history. The castle, medieval walls, Church of the Blood, and Church of the Assumption stand as living testaments to its past.

The famous Roca Grossa, a geological formation in the town center, adds a touch of mysticism and popular legends that enhance Vilafamés’ appeal.